In modern times, Understanding the political and ideological developments in the Islamic world, the main points of tension and conflict, and the debates on the axis of religion and politics are also associated with understanding the politicization processes of Islam correctly. Islamism, which rises as a result of the politicization of Islam is not an ideological and political movement independent of Islam. Therefore, it would be descriptive to concentrate on the historical process a little to understand how Islamism which includes a form of modern-day ideology, has evolved from a religion to an ideology form. In this study, it was investigated about the politicization process of Islam and the origins of Islamism in order to help understand Islamism. In this context, the political, military and social movements caused by the crises faced by the Islamic world in 18th and 19th centuries have been examined, and the effects of these movements on the politicization of Islam have been investigated.In this study, the events that turned Islam into a political movement and the reactions of religious groups against these events have been examined. As a result of the events faced by the Islamic world in the 18th and 19th centuries, Islam started to turn into a political movement as well as a religion. In particular, the assaults and cultural attacks of the Westerners towards the Islamic world have created a line of defense in the Islamic world and the defense line that created against both military and cultural attacks has been the source of political theses based on Islam over time. In this context, “Islamic Resistance Movements” and defenses produced against cultural attacks in many regions of the Islamic world have formed the basis of Islamic thought and Islamic movements in the modern era. In addition to the resistance movements against the invasion and colonization attempts of the western countries, the tradition of "Rejection", which formed after Ernest Renan's "Islam and Science" conference, has gradually caused Islam to turn into a political program.
Keywords: Political Sciences, Islamism , Colonialism, Jehad, Islamic Unity, Rejection, Orientalism
Author : | Nazım MAVİŞ |
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Number of pages: | 2267-2282 |
DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.42858 |
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