Etymological Analysis of the Turkısh Words in the Egyptian Dialect

Word migration is very common in the relations between languages. There is a certain amount of borrowing and lending in many languages. This applies to Arabic and Turkish as well. The words that are borrowed from Turkish to Arabic exist mostly in local dialects. As far as we can identify, there are 995 Turkish words in the Egyptian dialect. These words are of 36 different origins and types. There are also 38 words whose origin could not be determined. About one-third (305) of the words which we can identify went to the Egyptian dialect through Turkish is Turkish. A significant portion of those words, about two-thirds (189), were observed to have been used since the time of Old Turkish. There are also words from Middle Turkish and Modern Turkish. The words of Turkish origin in the Egyptian dialect are followed by the words that are borrowed from Persian to Turkish and from there to Egyptian Arabic. In addition, Italian, French and Greek words have also been observed to hold a certain amount of space. As far as we can determine, there are 57 Turkish words of Arabic origin in Egyptian Arabic. These are words that are mostly used as names and end with the letter (ة) and they are usually written with (ت) in Ottoman Turkish. Behçet, Cevdet, Fikret are some of these types of words. Also, the names ending in (ي – î) in Ottoman Turkish have been supplemented with (î) to create proper names in Ottoman Turkish. Such names which don't normally exist in Arabic are now also seen in that language with the effect of Ottoman Turkish. Some of such names are Abdî, Adlî, Avnî, Azmî, Bedrî, Fehmî. It has been observed that some of the words of Arabic origin that passed through Turkish into the Egyptian dialect are words that have gained new meanings in Turkish and then transferred into Egyptian Arabic with these meanings. For example, the word (أمان / Aman), is derived from the Arabic word أمان and expresses meanings such as "being sure, making sure, safety". However, unlike its Arabic meanings, the word is used to strengthen the meaning in sentences expressing various emotions in our language and it has been transferred to Egyptian Arabic in this way.

Keywords

Turkish, Arabic, Languages, Egyptian Dialect, Analysis, Origin.